Full-Endoscopic Resection of Osteoid Osteoma in the Thoracic Spine: A Case Report
Common symptoms such as axial pain or nocturnal pain, associated with warning signs that are often worrisome in addition to nonspecific radiological findings, can characterize benign lesions in the spine, and osteoid osteoma is among them. We describe here a clinical case of a pediatric patient with an expansive bone lesion in the thoracic spine discovered after investigation for thoracic pain, mainly at night, which, despite a good response to simple analgesics, evolved in the short term with global spinal deformity. After a multidisciplinary evaluation, she underwent surgical resection using a pioneering endoscopic technique that allowed the definitive anatomopathological diagnosis of osteoid osteoma and guaranteeing very satisfactory treatment and evolution. Although there are already several therapeutic techniques described and with good results in specific cases of osteoid osteomas and other benign neoplastic lesions of the spine, full-endoscopic resection appears as an innovative and potentially promising option for diagnosis and treatment, especially since it is a safe, effective, and not too morbid intervention.
Clique para ver a prévia do artigoDysethesia due to irritation of the dorsal root ganglion following lumbar transforaminal endoscopy: Analysis of frequency and contributing factors
Background: New onset of acute dysethetic leg pain due to irritation of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) following uneventful recovery from an expertly executed lumbar transforaminal endoscopic decompression is a common problem. Its incidence and relation to any risk factors that could be mitigated preoperatively are not well understood. Methods: We performed a multicenter frequency analysis of DRG irritation dysesthesia in 451 patients who underwent lumbar transforaminal endoscopic decompression for herniated disc and foraminal stenosis. The 451 patients consisted of 250 men and 201 women with an average age of 55.77 ± 15.6 years. The average follow-up of 47.16 months. The primary clinical outcome measures were the modified Macnab criteria. Chi-square testing was employed to analyze statistically significant associations between increased dysesthesia rates, preoperative diagnosis, the surgical level(s), and surgeon technique. Results: At final follow-up, Excellent (183/451; 40.6 %) and Good (195/451; 43.2 %) Macnab outcomes were observed in the majority of patients (378/451; 83.8 %). The majority of study patients (354; 78.5 %) had an entirely uneventful postoperative recovery without any DRG irritation, but 21.5 % of patients were treated for it in the immediate postoperative recovery period with supportive care measures including activity modification, transforaminal epidural steroid injections, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, gabapentin, or pregabalin. There was no statistically significant difference in dysesthesia rates between lumbar levels from L1 to S1, or between single (DRG rate 21.8 %) or two-level (DRG rate 20.2 %) endoscopic decompression (p = 0.742). A statistically significantly higher incidence of postoperative dysesthesia was observed in patients who underwent decompression for foraminal stenosis (38/103; 27 %), and recurrent herniated disc (7/10; 41.2 %; p = 0.039). There were also statistically significant variations in dysesthesia rates between the seven participating clinical study sites ranging from 11.6%–33% (p = 0.002). Unrelenting postoperative dysesthetic leg pain due to DRG irritation was statistically associated with less favorable long-term clinical outcomes with DRG rates as high as 45 % in patients with a Fair and 61.3 % in patients with Poor Macnab outcomes (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Postoperative dysesthesia following transforaminal endoscopic decompression should be expected in one-fifth of patients. There was no predilection for any lumbar level. Foraminal stenosis and recurrent herniated disc surgery are risk factors for higher dysesthesia rates. There was a statistically significant variation of dysesthesia rates between participating centers suggesting that the surgeon skill level is of significance. Severe postoperative dysesthesia may be a predictor of Fair of Poor long-term Macnab outcomes.
Clique para ver a prévia do artigoTransforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy: Clinical Outcomes and Complications
Objetivo Avaliar os resultados clínicos e funcionais da discectomia endoscópica transforaminal lombar. Materiais e Métodos De agosto de 2015 a janeiro de 2017, 101 pacientes portadores de hérnia de disco lombar refratária ao tratamento clínico foram submetidos a discectomia endoscópica. Por meio de avaliação clínica pela Escala Visual Analógica e análise funcional pelo questionário Oswestry Disability Index, os pacientes foram analisados no período pré-operatório, no pós-operatório imediato, com 1 mês, 3 meses, 6 meses e 1 ano após a cirurgia. Resultados A média de idade dos participantes foi de 48.1 anos Os níveis discais mais acometidos foram L4-L5, seguidos de L5-S1. Um total de 29 pacientes foram abordados em 2 níveis discais. Após 1 mês de seguimento pós-operatório, a média das pontuações nos questionários (EVA e ODI) diminuiu significativamente (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusão A discectomia endoscópica transforaminal lombar mostrou ser uma alternativa segura, eficaz e minimamente invasiva para o tratamento de hérnia de disco lombar. O procedimento possui vantagens, como curto período de internação hospitalar, cirurgia realizada sob anestesia local e sedação, retorno precoce às atividades diárias, e baixa taxa de complicações.
Clique para ver a prévia do artigoLumbar endoscopic discectomy in obese patients
Objetivo: A meta do estudo foi avaliar os resultados clínicos e funcionais da discectomia endoscópica lombar nos pacientes obesos. Métodos: Foram selecionados 56 pacientes portadores de hérnia de disco lombar refratário ao tratamento clínico submetidos à discectomia endoscópica. Através de avaliação clínica - pela Escala Visual Analógica - e funcional - pelo questionário de Oswestry Disability Index. Foram analisados 25 pacientes com índice de massa corpórea (IMC) maior ou igual de 30 kg/m2 e comparados com 31 pacientes do grupo controle (IMC entre 18,5 e 24,9 kg/m2). Esses dados foram obtidos no período pré-operatório, no pós-operatório imediato, com 1 mês, 3 meses, 6 meses e um ano após a cirurgia. Resultados: O IMC médio no grupo controle foi de 22,1 kg/m2 , e no grupo obeso de 33,6 kg/m2. Em ambos os grupos houve melhora estatisticamente significativa nas análises clínicas e funcionais. Não se observou diferença estatística entre os grupos. Conclusão: A discectomia endoscópica transforaminal lombar mostrou ser uma alternativa segura, efetiva e minimamente invasiva para o tratamento de hérnia de disco lombar em pacientes obesos. Nível de Evidência III; Estudo Retrospectivo, Comparativo.
Clique para ver a prévia do artigoRetrospective comparative analysis of surgical treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture short versus long fixation
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la fijación posterior corta y larga en fracturas toracolumbares del tipo explosión. Métodos: Cincuenta y tres pacientes se dividieron en el Grupo I (n = 24) tratados con instrumentación corta (un nivel por encima y por debajo de la fractura) y el Grupo II (n = 29) tratados con instrumentación larga (dos o más niveles por encima y por debajo de la fractura). La clasificación Load Sharing se utilizó para estratificar los casos. La evaluación del índice sagital se realizó mediante el método de Cobb. Resultados: En los subgrupos de la clasificación Load Sharing ≤ 6, el Grupo I tuvo pérdida de corrección de 4,2 grados y un fracaso del procedimiento en el 14,3% de los casos, el Grupo II mostró pérdida de corrección de 5,4 grados y falla de procedimiento de 21,7% de los casos. En los subgrupos de clasificación Load Sharing ≥ 7, el Grupo I tenía pérdida de corrección de 11,2 grados y falla del procedimiento en el 70% de los casos, el Grupo II presentó pérdida de corrección de 9 grados y falla del 46,7%. El Grupo I presentó tendencia a peores resultados, especialmente en el subgrupo de pacientes con clasificación Load Sharing ≥ 7. Conclusiones: Apesar de la tendencia de peores resultados en el grupo de fijación corta en los casos con Load Sharing > 7, en ninguna evaluación de esta muestra hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los grupos estudiados
Clique para ver a prévia do artigoAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis sagital plane and low density pedicle screws
Objective: To examine the sagittal curves of patients treated with CD instrumentation using exclusively pedicle screws. Methods: Image analysis of medical records of 27 patients (26 M and 1 F) with a minimum follow-up of 6 months, who underwent surgical treatment in our service between January 2005 and December 2010. The curves were evaluated on coronal and sagittal planes, taking into account the potential correction of the technique. Results: In the coronal plan the following curves were evaluated: proximal thoracic (TPx), main thoracic (TPp), and thoracolumbar; lumbar (TL, L), and the average flexibility was 52%, 52%, and 92% and the capacity of correction was 51%, 72%, and 64%, respectively. In the sagittal plane there was a mean increase in thoracic kyphosis (CT) of 41% and an average reduction of lumbar lordosis (LL) of 17%. Correlation analysis between variables showed Pearson coefficient of correlation of 0.053 and analysis of dispersion of R2 = <0.001. Conclusion:The method has shown satisfactory results with maintenance of kyphosis correction in patients with normal and hyper kyphotic deformities.
Clique para ver a prévia do artigoKyphosis in fractures evaluation of digital measuring
Objetivo: Evaluar la fiabilidad y reproducibilidad manual y digital de los cinco métodos de medición de la deformidad (cifosis) en las fracturas toracolumbares por explosión. Métodos: Fueron evaluadas 90 imágenes de tomografía computadorizada y, en cada caso, se midió el valor angular de la deformidad cifótica, tanto en forma manual como digital, mediante los cinco métodos más relevantes descritos en la literatura actual. Se midieron de nuevo 20 exámenes para valorar el error intra-evaluador. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que los cinco métodos son muy fiables y reproducibles en forma digital, con un error estimado cercano o inferior al indicado en el análisis de error intra-evaluador, siendo que el método de Cobb presentó la mayor concordancia (96%) y el índice sagital, la concordancia más baja (75%). También se sugiere que la medición digital tiene fiabilidad superior a la manual. Conclusión: Todos los métodos testados son altamente fiables y reproducibles en forma digital.
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